Muri iki gihe aho ubuzima bwiza n'imibereho myiza biri mu bya mbere mu bitekerezo byacu, ireme ry'amazi dukoresha ryarushijeho kuba ikibazo gihangayikishije. Nubwo amazi yo mu robine muri rusange ari meza mu turere twinshi, ashobora kuba arimo imyanda, imiti, n'ibindi bishobora guteza akaga ku buzima bwacu uko igihe kigenda gihita. Aha niho haza ibikoresho bisukura amazi, bitanga igisubizo cyoroshye ariko cyiza cyo kwemeza ko amazi tunywa kandi dukoresha ari meza, afite umutekano, kandi nta bintu byangiza.
Akamaro k'amazi meza
Amazi ni ingenzi ku buzima. Agize igice kinini cy'umubiri wacu, afasha mu igogora, agenzura ubushyuhe bw'umubiri, kandi agafasha gutwara intungamubiri mu mubiri wacu wose. Ariko, iyo amazi yanduye imyanda nka smeltes zikomeye (nk'isasu na mercure), chlorine, bagiteri, virusi, cyangwa imiti yica udukoko, bishobora gutera ibibazo bitandukanye by'ubuzima, kuva ku bibazo bito by'igogora kugeza ku ndwara zikomeye z'igihe kirekire. Urugero, kuba umuntu yahura n'isasu igihe kirekire bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mikurire y'ubwonko, cyane cyane ku bana, mu gihe kunywa amazi afite bagiteri nyinshi bishobora gutera indwara zo mu gifu.
Imashini zisukura amazi zikora zite?
Imashini zisukura amazi zikoresha ikoranabuhanga ritandukanye kugira ngo zikure imyanda mu mazi. Imwe mu zikunze gukoreshwa cyane ni akayunguruzo ka karubone gakozwe mu buryo bwa activated carbon. Karubone ikozwe mu buryo bwa activated carbon ifite ubuso bunini n'imiterere ifite imyenge, ituma ibasha kwinjiza ibintu by'umwimerere, chlorine, n'ibindi bintu bimwe na bimwe. Igabanya uburyohe n'impumuro mbi mu mazi, bigatuma arushaho kuryoha.
Sisitemu ya reverse osmosis (RO) ni ubundi buryo buzwi cyane. Imashini zisukura RO zikora zishyira amazi mu kantu gato gashobora kwinjiramo gafite utwenge duto. Iyi membrane iziba ibintu byinshi byanduye, harimo ibintu bikomeye byashongeshejwe, ibyuma biremereye, na mikorobe, bigatuma molekile z'amazi meza gusa zinyuramo. Sisitemu za RO zigira akamaro kanini mu gusukura amazi kandi zishobora gukuraho imyanda igera kuri 99%.
Ultrafiltration (UF) ni ikoranabuhanga rikoresha membrane ifite imyenge minini ugereranije na RO. Utwuma twa UF dushobora gukuraho bagiteri, protozoa, n'ibindi bintu bikomeye bihagaze, ariko dushobora kutagira akamaro gakomeye mu gukuraho imyunyu yashongeshejwe n'utunyangingo duto cyane. Hari utwuma twa UV dukoresha kandi imiti yica udukoko twa ultraviolet (UV). Umucyo wa UV wica cyangwa ukabuza bagiteri, virusi, n'utundi dukoko duto duto mu kwangiza ADN yabyo, bigatuma amazi atagira indwara zangiza.
Guhitamo icyuma gisukura amazi gikwiye
Mu guhitamo icyuma gisukura amazi, hari ibintu byinshi bigomba kwitabwaho. Ubwa mbere, suzuma ubwiza bw'amazi yawe. Niba utuye ahantu hari amazi akomeye (harimo kalisiyumu nyinshi na manyeziyumu), ushobora gushaka icyuma gisukura gishobora kugabanya ubukana bw'amazi, nka sisitemu ya RO. Niba impungenge nyamukuru ari bagiteri n'ibimera, icyuma gisukura amazi cyane cyangwa uruvange rwa UF hamwe n'icyuma gisukura amazi mbere y'uko asohoka bishobora kuba bihagije.
Ubushobozi ni ikindi kintu cy'ingenzi. Tekereza umubare w'abantu mu rugo rwawe n'amazi ukoresha buri munsi. Umuryango munini cyangwa urugo rukoresha amazi menshi ruzakenera icyuma gisukura gifite ubushobozi bwo hejuru. Byongeye kandi, tekereza ku bisabwa ku gisukura. Hari ibyuma bikenera gusimburwa kenshi, kandi ibi bishobora kongera ikiguzi cy'igihe kirekire cyo gukoresha icyuma gisukura.
Ingengo y'imari nayo igira uruhare. Imashini zisukura amazi zigura ku giciro kinini, kuva ku macupa ahendutse kugeza ku mazu meza cyane. Menya amafaranga witeguye gukoresha uzirikana ubwiza n'imiterere ukeneye.​
Ibyiza Birenze Ubuzima​
Gushora imari mu cyuma gisukura amazi ntibiteza imbere ubuzima bwawe gusa ahubwo binagira n'izindi nyungu. Bigabanya gukenera amazi yo mu macupa, atari ukubera ko bihenze gusa ahubwo binagira ingaruka zikomeye ku bidukikije. Gutunganya, gutwara no gutatanya amacupa y'amazi ya pulasitiki bigira uruhare mu kwanduzanya kwa pulasitiki no gusohora imyuka ya karubone. Ukoresheje cyuma gisukura amazi, ushobora kuzuza amacupa ashobora kongera gukoreshwa no kugira uruhare mu kugabanya imyanda no kubungabunga ibidukikije.
Mu gusoza, ibikoresho bisukura amazi ni inyongera y'agaciro ku rugo urwo arirwo rwose cyangwa aho bakorera. Bitanga amahoro yo mu mutima, uzi neza ko amazi unywa ari meza kandi afite umutekano. Hamwe n'amahitamo menshi aboneka, hari ibikoresho bisukura amazi bihuye n'ibyo ukeneye byose n'ingengo y'imari. Rero, fata intambwe ya mbere ugana ku buzima bwiza no kubaho ubuzima burambye uhitamo ibikoresho bisukura amazi bikwiriye wowe n'umuryango wawe.