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Tim Heffernan ni umwanditsi ukurikirana ibibazo by’ikirere n’amazi hamwe n’ikoranabuhanga rirambye. Kugerageza isuku, ahitamo gukoresha umwotsi wa Flare.
Ibirori bya Amazon Prime Day Ukwakira birahari! Hano twakusanyije ibitekerezo byingirakamaro kuri Wirecutter.
Twongeyeho kandi uburyo bwiza, Cyclopure Purefast, Brita yujuje akayunguruzo ka NSF / ANSI yemerewe kugabanya PFAS.
Niba ushaka uburyo bworoshye bwo kubona amazi yo kunywa muyungurura murugo, turasaba inama ya Brita Elite Filter ihujwe na Brita Standard Daily Daily 10-igikombe cyangwa (niba urugo rwawe rukoresha amazi menshi) ikibindi cya Brita 27-gikombe . Ikwirakwiza ry'amazi Ultramax. Ariko mbere yo guhitamo kimwe muri byo, menya ko nyuma yimyaka icumi yubushakashatsi bwakozwe muyungurura amazi yo murugo, twizera ko muyungurura munsi ya sink cyangwa munsi ya robine aribwo buryo bwiza. Bimara igihe kirekire, bigatanga amazi meza byihuse, bigabanya ibyanduye, ntibishobora gufunga, kandi bifata iminota mike yo gushiraho.
Iyi moderi ifite ibyemezo birenga 30 bya ANSI / NSF-birenze gushungura mu cyiciro cyayo - kandi byateguwe kumara amezi atandatu hagati yabasimbuye. Ariko, kimwe nayunguruzo rwose, irashobora gufunga.
Umukono w'icyayi cya Brita usobanura ahanini akayunguruzo ka kayeri kandi biroroshye gukoresha no guhorana isuku kurusha izindi moderi nyinshi za Brita.
Ikwirakwizwa ry’amazi rya Brita rifite amazi ahagije kumunsi kumuryango mugari, kandi igikanda cyacyo kitarimo kumeneka kiroroshye kuburyo abana bakoresha.
Ubuzima bwa HomeStraw Home Dispenser irageragezwa kwizerwa kugirango ikureho ibintu byinshi byanduza, harimo na gurş, kandi akayunguruzo kayo ntigakunda gufunga kurusha izindi disipanseri twagerageje.
Ibikoresho bya filteri ya Dexsorb bipimwa kubipimo bya NSF / ANSI kandi bifata neza imiti myinshi idahwitse (PFAS), harimo PFOA na PFOS.
Iyi moderi ifite ibyemezo birenga 30 bya ANSI / NSF-birenze gushungura mu cyiciro cyayo - kandi byateguwe kumara amezi atandatu hagati yabasimbuye. Ariko, kimwe nayunguruzo rwose, irashobora gufunga.
Akayunguruzo keza cyane ka Brita ni filteri ya Brita Elite. Ni ANSI / NSF yemejwe kandi ikayungurura ibintu byinshi byanduye kuruta ibindi byose bigaburira imbaraga za rukuruzi twagerageje; muribi birimo gurş, mercure, kadmium, PFOA na PFOS, hamwe ninganda nyinshi zinganda zikora inganda zigenda ziboneka mumazi ya robine. “Umwanda mushya” urahari. Ifite ubuzima bwa litiro 120 cyangwa amezi atandatu, bikubye inshuro eshatu ubuzima bwapimwe mubindi byungurura. Mugihe kirekire, ibi birashobora gutuma Elite iyungurura ihendutse kuruta ibisanzwe amezi abiri yo kuyungurura. Ariko, mbere y'amezi atandatu ashize, imyanda iri mumazi irashobora kuyifunga. Niba uzi ko amazi yawe ya robine afite isuku ariko ukaba ushaka ko aryoha neza, cyane cyane niba ahumura nka chlorine, ikibindi gisanzwe cyamazi ya Brita hamwe nayungurura amazi bigura make kandi ntibishobora gufunga, ariko ntabwo byemewe. kuyobora cyangwa uruganda urwo arirwo rwose.
Umukono w'icyayi cya Brita usobanura ahanini akayunguruzo ka kayeri kandi biroroshye gukoresha no guhorana isuku kurusha izindi moderi nyinshi za Brita.
Mu macupa menshi y’amazi ya Brita, icyo dukunda ni Brita Standard Buri munsi Amazi Icupa 10 Igikombe. Igishushanyo cya no-no-crack cyorohereza isuku byoroshye kuruta ibindi bibindi bya Brita, kandi umupfundikizo wamaboko umwe utuma kuzuza byoroha. Igikoresho cyacyo C kigoramye nacyo cyorohewe kuruta inguni ya D ifite inguni iboneka kumacupa menshi ya Brita.
Ikwirakwizwa ry’amazi rya Brita rifite amazi ahagije kumunsi kumuryango mugari, kandi igikanda cyacyo kitarimo kumeneka kiroroshye kuburyo abana bakoresha.
Ikwirakwizwa ry’amazi ya Brita Ultramax rifite ibikombe bigera kuri 27 byamazi (ibikombe 18 mubigega byayunguruzo nibindi bikombe 9 cyangwa 10 mubigega byo hejuru). Igishushanyo cyacyo cyoroshye kibika umwanya muri firigo, hanyuma igikanda gihita gifunga nyuma yo gusuka kugirango wirinde gutemba. Nuburyo bworoshye bwo guhora ufite amazi akonje ahagije.
Ubuzima bwa HomeStraw Home Dispenser irageragezwa kwizerwa kugirango ikureho ibintu byinshi byanduza, harimo na gurş, kandi akayunguruzo kayo ntigakunda gufunga kurusha izindi disipanseri twagerageje.
Twakoresheje litiro 2,5 z'amazi yanduye cyane binyuze mumashanyarazi yo mu rugo ya LifeStraw, kandi nubwo amazi yagabanutseho gato yerekeza kumpera, kuyungurura ntibyigeze bihagarara. Kubantu bahuye nuburobyi mubindi byungurura amazi (harimo gutoranya hejuru ya Brita Elite) cyangwa bashaka igisubizo cyamazi meza ya robine cyangwa yanduye, iyi filteri nitwe duhitamo neza. LifeStraw ifite kandi ibyemezo bine bya ANSI / NSF (chlorine, uburyohe numunuko, gurş na mercure) kandi byageragejwe byigenga na laboratoire yemewe kugirango byuzuze andi mahame ya ANSI / NSF.
Ibikoresho bya filteri ya Dexsorb bipimwa kubipimo bya NSF / ANSI kandi bifata neza imiti myinshi idahwitse (PFAS), harimo PFOA na PFOS.
Cyclopure Akayunguruzo keza gakoresha ibikoresho bimwe bya Dexsorb bikoreshwa munganda zimwe na zimwe zitunganya amazi mabi kugirango bakure burundu imiti (PFAS) mumazi rusange. Ihuza inkongoro ya Brita dusabwa. Irapimwe kuri litiro 65 na filteri byihuse mubizamini byacu kandi ntibidindiza cyane mugihe, nubwo kimwe na filteri iyo ari yo yose, niba hari imyanda myinshi mumazi irashobora gufunga. Akayunguruzo kandi kazanye na pake yishyuwe mbere; ohereza akayunguruzo gakoreshwa gusubira muri Cyclopure kandi isosiyete izayitunganya kugirango isenye PFAS yose yafashwe kugirango itagishobora kwinjira mubidukikije. Brita ubwayo ntabwo ishyigikiye ikoreshwa ryayunguruzo rwagatatu, ariko urebye ko filteri Yera yose hamwe nibikoresho bya Dexsorb ari NSF / ANSI byemewe kugabanya PFAS, twumva dufite ikizere cyo kubitanga. Menya ko ifata gusa PFAS na chlorine. Niba uhangayikishijwe nibindi bintu, tekereza kuri Brita Elite;
Nagerageje gushungura amazi ya Wirecutter kuva mu mwaka wa 2016. Muri raporo yanjye, navuganye igihe kirekire na NSF hamwe n’ikigo cy’ubuziranenge cy’amazi, imiryango ibiri ikomeye yo gushungura filtri muri Amerika, kugira ngo nsobanukirwe uko ibizamini byabo bikorwa. Nabajije abahagarariye inganda nyinshi zungurura amazi kugirango mpaka ibyo basaba. Nakoresheje muyungurura ninshi mubibindi mumyaka kuko kuramba muri rusange, koroshya nigiciro cyo kubungabunga, hamwe nubucuti bwabakoresha byose nibyingenzi kubintu ukoresha inshuro nyinshi kumunsi.
Uwahoze ari umuhanga muri NOAA, John Holecek, yakoze ubushakashatsi yandika igitabo cyabanjirije iki gitabo, akora ibizamini bye bwite, anatanga ubundi bushakashatsi bwigenga.
Aka gatabo kagenewe abashaka akayunguruzo kameze nkibibindi byuzuza amazi ya robine kandi bikabikwa muri firigo.
Ibyiza byo kubumba ikibindi nuko byoroshye gukoresha. Ibyo ugomba gukora byose nukuzuza kanda hanyuma ugategereza ko akayunguruzo gakora. Bakunda kandi kuba bihendutse kugura, hamwe nayunguruzo rusimburwa (mubisanzwe bikenerwa buri mezi abiri) mubisanzwe bitwara amadorari 15.
Bafite ibibi byinshi. Barashobora gukuraho neza urwego ruto cyane rwanduye kuruta benshi muyungurura munsi ya sink cyangwa munsi ya robine kuko bashingira kuburemere aho gushingira kumazi, bisaba kuyungurura gake.
Kwishingikiriza kuri gravit bisobanura kandi ko akayunguruzo k'ibibindi gahoro: kuzuza amazi amwe ava mu kigega cyo hejuru birashobora gufata iminota 5 kugeza kuri 15 kugirango unyure muyungurura, kandi akenshi bisaba hejuru-hejuru kugirango ubone ikibindi cyuzuye cyamazi meza. .
Akayunguruzo k'ibibindi gakunze gufungwa kubera imyanda iri mumazi ya robine cyangwa ndetse nuduce duto two mu kirere duhereye kuri moteri ya robine.
Kubera izo mpamvu, turasaba gushiraho akayunguruzo munsi yumwobo cyangwa kuri robine niba ibintu bibisabye.
Muri Amerika, amazi rusange agengwa n’ikigo gishinzwe kurengera ibidukikije (EPA) hashingiwe ku itegeko ry’amazi meza yo kunywa, kandi amazi ava mu nganda zitunganya amazi rusange agomba kuba yujuje ubuziranenge bukomeye. Ariko, ntabwo ibyuka byose bishobora guhumanya.
Byongeye kandi, umwanda urashobora kwinjira nyuma y’amazi avuye mu ruganda rutunganya imiti binyuze mu miyoboro yamenetse cyangwa (ku bijyanye n’isasu) binyuze mu kwiroha mu miyoboro ubwayo. Gutunganya amazi bikozwe cyangwa birengagijwe ku ruganda birashobora no kurushaho kwangirika mu miyoboro yo hepfo, nkuko byagenze i Flint, muri Michigan.
Kugirango umenye neza ibiri mumazi yuwaguhaye isoko, urashobora gushakisha kumurongo kugirango utange isoko ryibanze rya EPA ryemejwe nabaguzi (CCR). Bitabaye ibyo, abatanga amazi rusange basabwa kuguha CCR zabo babisabwe.
Ariko kubera ibishobora kwanduza epfo, inzira yonyine yo kumenya ibiri mumazi y'urugo rwawe nukubigerageza. Laboratoire y’amazi meza irashobora gukora ibi, cyangwa urashobora gukoresha ibikoresho byo gupima murugo. Twarebye 11 muri bo mu buyobozi bwacu kandi twashimishijwe na Tap Score ya SimpleLab, yoroshye kuyikoresha kandi itanga raporo irambuye, yanditse neza yerekana icyo, niba gihari, umwanda uri mumazi yawe.
Ikizamini cyambere cya SimpleLab Kanda amanota yamakomine atanga isesengura ryuzuye ryamazi yo kunywa kandi atanga ibisubizo byoroshye-gusoma.
Kugirango tumenye neza ko dushungura gusa ushobora kwizera, twakomeje gushimangira ko amahitamo yacu yujuje ubuziranenge bwa zahabu: Icyemezo cya ANSI / NSF. Ikigo cy’Abanyamerika gishinzwe ubuziranenge (ANSI) n’ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe ubumenyi (NSF) ni imiryango yigenga, idaharanira inyungu ikorana n’ikigo gishinzwe kurengera ibidukikije, abayikora n’izindi mpuguke mu guteza imbere ubuziranenge bukomeye no gupima ibicuruzwa ibihumbi, harimo na protocole y’amazi. muyunguruzi.
Nyuma yo gukoresha ingero za "test", zandujwe cyane n’amazi menshi ya robine, ni bwo abayungurura bashoboye kuba bujuje ubuziranenge, barenze cyane igihe bari bateganijwe.
Laboratoire ebyiri nyamukuru zemeza amazi ni NSF ubwayo hamwe n’ishyirahamwe ry’amazi meza (WQA). Byombi byemewe na ANSI hamwe n’inama y’ubuziranenge ya Kanada muri Amerika ya Ruguru kandi birashobora gukora ibizamini bya ANSI / NSF.
Ariko nyuma yimyaka myinshi yo kujya impaka imbere, ubu twemeye kandi imvugo yoroheje "yapimwe na ANSI / NSF" aho kuba ibyemezo byemewe, hashingiwe kubintu bike: Icya mbere, ikizamini gikozwe na laboratoire yigenga, ntabwo ikorwa nuwigenga. laboratoire. Akayunguruzo; icya kabiri, laboratoire ubwayo yemerewe na ANSI cyangwa indi miryango yigihugu cyangwa itegamiye kuri leta gukora ibizamini bikomeye ukurikije ibipimo byashyizweho; icya gatatu, uwabikoze atangaza amakuru yerekeranye na laboratoire yipimisha, ibisubizo nuburyo bwayo; Uruganda rufite uburambe bunini bwo gushungura rwerekanye ko rufite umutekano, rwizewe kandi rwasobanuwe neza.
Twakomeje kuyigabanya kugeza muyungurura yemejwe cyangwa ihwanye byibura na bibiri mu bipimo byingenzi bya ANSI / NSF (Standard 42 na Standard 53) (bitwikiriye chlorine n’ibindi byanduza “estetique” hamwe n’ibyuma biremereye nka gurş, kimwe) nk'imiti yica udukoko. hamwe nibindi binyabuzima). Ikigereranyo gishya cya 401 gikubiyemo "ibyuka bihumanya," nka farumasi, bigenda bigaragara mumazi muri Amerika, niyo mpamvu twita cyane kubayungurura.
Twatangiye gushakisha icyayi cyamamare 10 kugeza kuri 11 hamwe nogutanga amazi manini, bifasha cyane cyane ingo zifite amazi menshi. (Ibigo byinshi nabyo bitanga ibibindi bito kubadakeneye urugero rwuzuye.)
Twahise tugereranya ibisobanuro birambuye (harimo nuburyo bwo gufata neza no guhumurizwa), koroshya iyungurura no kuyisimbuza, umwanya ikibindi na disipanseri bifata muri firigo, hamwe nubunini bwubunini bwikigega cyo hejuru cyuzuye hejuru yikigega cya "filteri". (Umubare munini ugereranije, nibyiza, kuko uzabona amazi yungurujwe igihe cyose ukoresheje kanda.)
Twakoze ibizamini byinshi kuri filteri nyinshi muri 2016, tugereranya ibisubizo byacu na ANSI / NSF ibyemezo hamwe nibisabwa nababikoze. Muri laboratoire ye, John Holecek yapimye igipimo buri filteri yakuyemo chlorine. Kuburyo bubiri bwambere, twasezeranye kwipimisha ryigenga ryigenga dukoresheje ibisubizo byanduye byanduye kuruta NSF isaba mumasezerano yo gutanga ibyemezo.
Ikintu nyamukuru twakuye mubizamini byacu nuko icyemezo cya ANSI / NSF cyangwa icyemezo gihwanye nikimenyetso cyizewe cyerekana imikorere ya filteri. Ntabwo bitangaje urebye imiterere ihamye yubuziranenge. Kuva icyo gihe, twashingiye ku cyemezo cya ANSI / NSF cyangwa icyemezo gihwanye kugirango tumenye imikorere ya filteri yatanzwe.
Igerageza ryacu ryakurikiyeho ryibanda kumikoreshereze yisi-nyayo, hamwe nibintu bifatika hamwe nintege nke zigaragara gusa iyo utangiye gukoresha ibicuruzwa mugihe.
Iyi moderi ifite ibyemezo birenga 30 bya ANSI / NSF-birenze gushungura mu cyiciro cyayo - kandi byateguwe kumara amezi atandatu hagati yabasimbuye. Ariko, kimwe nayunguruzo rwose, irashobora gufunga.
Akayunguruzo ka Brita Elite (yahoze yitwa Longlast +) ni ANSI / NSF yemerewe gutahura umwanda urenga 30 (PDF), harimo isasu, mercure, microplastique, asibesitosi, na PFAS ebyiri zisanzwe: aside yitwa perfluorooctanoic (PFOA) na aside yitwa octane sulfonic aside (PFOS). Ibi bituma ibibumbano byemewe byemewe twagerageje, kandi turasaba abashaka amahoro yo mumutima.
Byaragaragaye gukuraho ibindi byinshi bisanzwe. Harimo chlorine (yongewe kumazi kugirango igabanye bagiteri nizindi virusi kandi niyo mpamvu nyamukuru itera amazi meza ya robine); karubone tetrachloride, ibinyabuzima bihindagurika byangiza umwijima kandi bigenda biboneka mu gutanga amazi; “Ibintu bishya” byavumbuwe, harimo bispenol A (BPA), DEET (imiti yica udukoko dusanzwe) na estrone (uburyo bwa syntetique ya estrogene).
Mugihe ibibindi byinshi byungurura bifite uruziga rwo gusimbuza litiro 40 cyangwa amezi abiri, Elite ifite ukwezi gusimbuza litiro 120 cyangwa amezi atandatu. Muri théorie, ibi bivuze ko ukeneye gukoresha gusa Elite muyunguruzi ebyiri kumwaka aho kuba esheshatu, gukora imyanda mike no kugabanya ibiciro byo kuzuza hafi 50%.
Kubyungurura ikibindi, ikora vuba. Mu bizamini byacu, filteri nshya ya Elite yatwaye iminota itanu kugeza kuri irindwi kugirango yuzuze. Akayunguruzo kangana-twagerageje gufata igihe kirekire - mubisanzwe iminota 10 cyangwa irenga.
Ariko hariho caveat. Kimwe hafi ya byose byayunguruzo, Elite irashobora gufungwa byoroshye, bishobora kugabanya umuvuduko wo kuyungurura cyangwa bikayirinda kuyungurura burundu, bivuze ko ugomba kuyisimbuza kenshi. Benshi, ba nyirayo benshi binubiye iki kibazo, kandi mugupimisha kwacu, Elite yatangiye guhagarara mbere yuko igera kuri litiro 120. Niba ufite ikibazo kizwi cyimyanda mumazi yawe ya robine (akenshi ni ikimenyetso cyumuyoboro wangiritse), uburambe bwawe burashobora kuba bumwe.
Kandi ntushobora gukenera uburinzi bwose bwintore. Niba uzi ko amazi yawe ya robine afite ubuziranenge (ibi birashobora kugenwa ukoresheje ibizamini byo murugo), turasaba ko dukoresha ikibindi fatizo cya Brita Standard cyo gutanga amazi hamwe na filteri. Ifite gusa ibyemezo bitanu bya ANSI / NSF (PDF), harimo chlorine (ariko ntabwo iyobora, ibinyabuzima, cyangwa ibyanduye bishya), ibyo bikaba bitandukanye cyane nurwego rwimpamyabumenyi Elite ifite. Ariko ni bihenze cyane, bidafite akayunguruzo gashobora kunoza uburyohe bwamazi yawe.