Tugenzura buri kimwe cyose tugusaba. Iyo uguze ukoresheje amahuza yacu, dushobora kubona komisiyo. Menya byinshi>
Nyuma yo kuvugurura ibicuruzwa no guhindura icyemezo, ntabwo tugitanga inama ku biyungurura bya Pur. Turakomeza gukoresha andi mahitamo.
Niba ushaka uburyo bworoshye bwo kubona amazi asukuye mu rugo, turagusaba gukoresha Brita Elite Filter hamwe na Brita Standard 10-cup pitcher cyangwa (niba urugo rwawe rukoresha amazi menshi) Brita 27-cup pitcher. Ultramax ikoresha amazi. Ariko mbere yo guhitamo kimwe muri byo, menya ko nyuma y'imyaka hafi icumi y'ubushakashatsi ku kuyungurura amazi mu rugo, twizera ko filter zikoreshwa munsi y'amazi cyangwa munsi y'umuyoboro ari zo nziza. Ziramba igihe kirekire, zitanga amazi meza vuba, zigabanya umwanda, ntizishobora kuziba, kandi bifata iminota mike gusa kugira ngo zishyirwemo.
Iyi moderi ifite ibyemezo birenga 30 bya ANSI/NSF—biruta ibyo mu yungurura byose mu bwoko bwayo—kandi yagenewe kumara amezi atandatu hagati y’ibindi bisimbura. Ariko, kimwe n’ibindi biyungurura byose, ishobora kuziba.
Kettle ya Brita ifite agaciro gakomeye igaragaza icyiciro cy’akayunguruzo kandi biroroshye kuyikoresha no kuyibika isuku kurusha izindi modeli nyinshi za Brita.
Imashini isohora amazi ya Brita ifata amazi ahagije ku munsi ku muryango munini, kandi robine yayo idatoboka yoroshye ku bana kuyikoresha.
Byagaragaye ko utwuma dutanga uburozi bwa LifeStraw dukuraho imyanda myinshi irimo na lisade, kandi utwuma twatwo dukingira kuziba kurusha utundi twuma twose twagerageje.
Iyi moderi ifite ibyangombwa birenga 30 bya ANSI/NSF (biruta ibyo mu yungurura byose mu bwoko bwayo) kandi yagenewe kumara amezi atandatu hagati y’izindi yungurura. Ariko, kimwe n’izindi yungurura zose, ishobora kuziba.
Uduce twa Brita Elite ni two duce twiza cyane muri Brita kandi twemewe na ANSI/NSF kugira ngo dusukure ibintu byinshi bihumanya kurusha ubundi bwoko bwose bw’uduce twapimye, harimo icyuma cy’ubutare, mercure, cadmium, PFOA na PFAS n’ibindi. Uduce tw’ubusa” tuboneka cyane mu mazi ya robine. Ifite ubuzima bwa litiro 120, cyangwa amezi atandatu, inshuro eshatu z’ubuzima bw’utundi duce twinshi. Mu gihe kirekire, ibi bishobora gutuma Elite ihendutse gukoresha kurusha icyuma gisanzwe. Ariko, mbere y’uko amezi atandatu ashira, imyanda iri mu mazi ishobora kuyafunga. Niba uzi ko amazi ya robine yawe ari meza, ariko kugira ngo wongere uburyohe bwayo, cyane cyane amazi afite uburyohe bwa chlorine, koresha agacupa gasanzwe ka Brita. Agace gatanga utwuma karahendutse kandi gashobora kuziba, ariko ntabwo kemejwe ko gafite icyuma cy’ubutare cyangwa ibindi binyabutabire byo mu nganda.
Kettle ya Brita ifite agaciro gakomeye igaragaza icyiciro cy’akayunguruzo kandi biroroshye kuyikoresha no kuyibika isuku kurusha izindi modeli nyinshi za Brita.
Mu macupa menshi y'amazi ya Brita, icyo dukunda cyane ni Brita Standard Everyday Water Bottle 10 Cup. Imiterere y'ingoboka ituma isuku yoroha kurusha andi macupa ya Brita, kandi umupfundikizo w'ikiganza kimwe woroshya kuzuza. Umupfundikizo wayo umeze nk'inyuguti ya C uroroshye cyane kurusha umupfundikizo ufite ishusho ya D uboneka ku macupa menshi ya Brita.
Imashini isohora amazi ya Brita ifata amazi ahagije ku munsi ku muryango munini, kandi robine yayo idatoboka yoroshye ku bana kuyikoresha.
Imashini isohora amazi ya Brita Ultramax ifata ibikombe bigera kuri 27 by'amazi (ibikombe 18 mu kigega cy'amazi n'ibindi bikombe 9 cyangwa 10 mu kigega cyo hejuru). Imiterere yayo yoroheje igabanya umwanya muri firigo, kandi robine ihita ifunga nyuma yo gusukwa kugira ngo idasesekara. Ubu ni uburyo bworoshye bwo guhorana amazi akonje ahagije.
Byagaragaye ko utwuma dutanga uburozi bwa LifeStraw dukuraho imyanda myinshi irimo na lisade, kandi utwuma twatwo dukingira kuziba kurusha utundi twuma twose twagerageje.
Twakoresheje litiro 2.5 z'amazi yanduye ingese nyinshi mu cyuma gitanga amazi cya LifeStraw, nubwo amazi yagabanutse gato mu mpera, kuyungurura ntibyigeze bihagarara. Iri ni ryo hitamo ryacu risobanutse ku muntu wese wamaze igihe kinini afite izindi filter z'amazi (harimo na Brita Elite yacu nziza) cyangwa ushaka umuti w'amazi yo mu mazi azwiho kuba afite ingese cyangwa arimo imyanda. LifeStraw ifite kandi ibyemezo bine bya ANSI/NSF (chlorine, uburyohe n'impumuro, lisansi na mercure) kandi yageragejwe ku giti cye na laboratwari zemewe kugira ngo yuzuze izindi ngingo nyinshi zo gukuraho umwanda muri ANSI/NSF.
Kuva mu 2016 maze igihe ngerageza filters z'amazi za Wirecutter. Muri raporo yanjye, naganiriye birambuye na NSF n'Ikigo cy'Ubuziranenge bw'Amazi, ibigo bibiri bikomeye byemeza filters muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, kugira ngo numve uburyo isuzuma ryabo rikorwa. Naganiriye n'abahagarariye inganda nyinshi zikora filters z'amazi kugira ngo mpunge ibyo bavuga. Nakoresheje filters nyinshi n'amacupa mu myaka yashize kuko muri rusange kuramba, koroshya no gukoresha ikiguzi cyo kubungabunga, ndetse no korohereza abakoresha byose ni ingenzi cyane ku kintu ukoresha inshuro nyinshi ku munsi.
Uwahoze ari umuhanga mu bya siyansi ya NOAA, John Holecek, yakoze ubushakashatsi anandika verisiyo ya mbere y’iyi nyandiko, akora isuzuma rye bwite, anashyiraho andi masuzuma yigenga.
Iyi mfashanyigisho ni iy'abashaka akayunguruzo k'amazi gakozwe mu buryo bwa pitcher kuzuza amazi yabo yo mu robine kandi kakabikwa muri firigo yabo.
Akamaro k'akayunguruzo k'amazi ni uko koroshye gukoresha. Icyo ugomba gukora ni ukubyuzuza ukoresheje amazi hanyuma utegereze ko akayunguruzo gakora. Nanone kandi, kaba gahendutse kugura, aho akayunguruzo gasimbura (akenshi gakenerwa buri mezi abiri) gasanzwe kagura munsi y'amadolari 15.
Bifite ingaruka mbi nyinshi. Bishobora gukuraho neza ubwoko buke bw'imyanda ugereranyije n'ibindi byuma biyungurura munsi y'amazi cyangwa munsi y'umuyoboro kuko byishingikiriza ku mbaraga z'uburemere aho gukoresha imbaraga z'amazi, bigasaba akayunguruzo gake.
Kuba bishingikiriza ku mbaraga z’ubutaka bivuze ko ibyuma biyungurura amazi bigenda buhoro: amazi aturutse mu kigega cyo hejuru ashobora gufata iminota 5 kugeza kuri 15 kugira ngo anyure muri firigo, kandi akenshi bisaba kongeramo amazi menshi kugira ngo amazi meza aboneke.
Utwuma tw’amazi dukunze kuziba bitewe n’amazi ari mu mazi ya robine cyangwa ndetse n’uduheri duto tw’umwuka duturuka mu byuma bitanga umwuka muri robine.
Kubera izo mpamvu, turakugira inama yo gushyira akayunguruzo munsi y'igikoni cyangwa kuri robine mu gihe bibaye ngombwa.
Muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, amazi rusange agenzurwa n'Ikigo gishinzwe kurengera ibidukikije (EPA) hakurikijwe Itegeko ry'amazi meza yo kunywa, kandi amazi ava mu nganda zitunganya amazi rusange agomba kuba yujuje ibisabwa byose by'ubuziranenge. Ariko, si ko imyanda yose ishobora kwanduza amazi igenzurwa.
Byongeye kandi, imyanda ishobora kwinjira nyuma y’uko amazi avuye mu ruganda anyuze mu miyoboro iva cyangwa (mu gihe hari icyuma cy’ubutare) binyuze mu gusohoka mu miyoboro ubwayo. Gusukura amazi bikorwa cyangwa birengagijwe ku ruganda bishobora kurushaho kugabanya gusohoka mu miyoboro iri munsi y’uruzi, nk’uko byagenze i Flint, muri Michigan.
Kugira ngo umenye neza ibiri mu mazi y'umutanga serivisi, ubusanzwe ushobora gushakisha kuri interineti Raporo y'Ibanga ry'Abaguzi (CCR) yemewe n'umutanga serivisi wo mu gace utuyemo. Bitabaye ibyo, abatanga serivisi z'amazi rusange bose basabwa kuguha CCR zabo igihe babisabye.
Ariko kubera ko hari ubwandu bushobora kwanduza amazi yo mu rugo rwawe, uburyo bwonyine bwo kumenya ibiri mu mazi yo mu rugo rwawe ni ukubigerageza. Laboratwari yawe y’ubuziranenge bw’amazi irashobora kubikora, cyangwa ushobora gukoresha agakoresho ko gupima amazi yo mu rugo. Twarebye 11 muri byo mu gitabo cyacu maze dutangazwa na SimpleLab's Tap Score, yoroshye gukoresha kandi itanga raporo irambuye kandi yanditse neza y’ibintu byanduye biri mu mazi yo mu rugo rwawe, niba bihari.
Isuzumabumenyi ry’amazi rya SimpleLab Tap Score rigezweho ritanga isesengura ryimbitse ry’amazi yawe yo kunywa kandi rigatanga ibisubizo byoroshye gusoma.
Kugira ngo tumenye neza ko dutanga inama ku biyungurura ushobora kwizera gusa, twakomeje gushimangira ko ibyo twahisemo byujuje ibipimo ngenderwaho bya zahabu: icyemezo cya ANSI/NSF. Ikigo cy’Ubuziranenge cya Amerika (ANSI) n’Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ubumenyi (NSF) ni imiryango yigenga, idaharanira inyungu ikorana n’Ikigo gishinzwe kurengera ibidukikije, abakora n’izindi nzobere kugira ngo bateze imbere amahame meza y’ubuziranenge no kugerageza ibicuruzwa ibihumbi, harimo n’amabwiriza y’amazi.
Nyuma yo gukoresha ingero zo "gupima" zari zanduye cyane kurusha amazi menshi yo mu robine, ni bwo izo filters zashoboye kuzuza ibisabwa birengeje igihe zari ziteganijwe cyo kubaho.
Laboratwari ebyiri z’ingenzi zitanga icyemezo cyo kuyungurura amazi ni NSF ubwayo n’Ishyirahamwe ry’Ubuziranenge bw’Amazi (WQA). Zombi zemewe byuzuye na ANSI n’Inama y’Ubuziranenge ya Kanada muri Amerika y’Amajyaruguru kandi zishobora gukora ikizamini cy’icyemezo cya ANSI/NSF.
Ariko nyuma y'imyaka myinshi y'impaka z'imbere mu gihugu, ubu twemera imvugo idafite ishingiro yo "gupimwa hakurikijwe ibipimo bya ANSI/NSF" aho kwemezwa ku mugaragaro, hakurikijwe amabwiriza make akomeye: Ubwa mbere, isuzuma rikorwa na laboratwari yigenga, ntabwo rikorwa na laboratwari yigenga. Uruganda rukora ibyuma biyungurura; Icya kabiri, laboratwari ubwayo yemerewe na ANSI cyangwa izindi nzego zo mu gihugu cyangwa zitari iza leta gukora isuzuma rikomeye hakurikijwe ibipimo byagenwe; Icya gatatu, laboratwari ipima, ibisubizo byayo n'uburyo ikoresha bitangazwa n'uruganda rukora; Icya kane, uruganda rufite uburambe bwinshi mu gukora ibyuma biyungurura byagaragaje umutekano, kwizerwa kandi bisobanurwa mu buryo buboneye.
Twakomeje kugabanya ibipimo ku bipimo byemewe cyangwa bingana nibura n’ibipimo bibiri by’ingenzi bya ANSI/NSF (Standard 42 na Standard 53) (bitwikiriye chlorine n’ibindi bintu bihumanya ikirere n’ibyuma biremereye nka lisansi, uko bikurikirana), hamwe n’imiti yica udukoko n’ibindi binyabutabire). Amahame mashya ya 401 atwikiriye “ibintu bihumanya ikirere”, nk’imiti, bikunze kuboneka mu mazi muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, ari nayo mpamvu twibanda ku bipimo.
Twatangiye gushaka amasafuriya azwi cyane afite ubushobozi bwo gupima ibikombe 10 kugeza kuri 11 hamwe n'amasafuriya manini akoresha amazi, cyane cyane ingirakamaro ku ngo zikoresha amazi menshi. (Amasosiyete menshi atanga kandi amasafuriya mato ku badakeneye icyitegererezo cyuzuye.)
Hanyuma twagereranije imiterere y’igishushanyo (harimo imiterere y’icyuma n’uburyo gikoreshwa), uburyo bworoshye bwo gushyiraho no gusimbuza icyuma, umwanya umucukuzi n’icyuma gitanga ibikoresho bikoresha muri firigo, n’ingano y’amazi yo hejuru akoreshwa mu kuyungurura ugereranyije n’ayo hasi akoreshwa mu kuyungurura. (Uko ikigereranyo kiri hejuru, ni ko birushaho kuba byiza, kuko uzabona amazi menshi ayunguruye igihe cyose ukoresha robine.)
Twakoze ibizamini byinshi ku byuma biyungurura byinshi mu 2016, tugereranya ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi bwacu n’ibyemezo bya ANSI/NSF ndetse n’ibivugwa n’ababikora. Muri laboratwari ye, John Holecek yapimye igipimo buri cyuma cyakuyemo chlorine. Ku mahitamo abiri ya mbere, twagiranye amasezerano yo gupima icyuma gikuraho chlorine ku giti cyacu hakoreshejwe uburyo bwinshi cyane bwo gupima icyuma gihumanya kurusha uko NSF isaba mu masezerano yayo yo kwemeza.
Ikintu cy'ingenzi twakuye mu isuzuma ryacu ni uko icyemezo cya ANSI/NSF cyangwa icyemezo kingana nacyo ari ikimenyetso cyizewe cy'imikorere ya filter. Ibi ntibitangaje bitewe n'imiterere ikomeye y'amahame agenga proof. Kuva icyo gihe, twishingikirije ku cyemezo cya ANSI/NSF cyangwa icyemezo kingana nacyo kugira ngo tumenye imikorere ya filter runaka.
Isuzuma ryacu rikurikiraho ryibanda ku buryo bwo gukoresha ibintu mu buryo bufatika, ndetse n'ibintu bifatika n'intege nke bigaragara gusa iyo utangiye gukoresha ibicuruzwa uko igihe kigenda gihita.
Iyi moderi ifite ibyemezo birenga 30 bya ANSI/NSF—biruta ibyo mu yungurura byose mu bwoko bwayo—kandi yagenewe kumara amezi atandatu hagati y’ibindi bisimbura. Ariko, kimwe n’ibindi biyungurura byose, ishobora kuziba.
Uduce twa Brita Elite (twahoze ari Longlast +) dufite icyemezo cya ANSI/NSF cyo gupima ibintu birenga 30 byanduye (PDF), harimo icyuma cy'ubutare, mercure, microplastics, asbestos, na PFAS ebyiri zisanzwe: aside perfluorooctanoic (PFOA) na aside octane sulfonic (PFOS). Ibi bituma ari cyo cyemezo cyemewe cyane cyo gupima, kandi ni kimwe twasaba abashaka amahoro yo mu mutima.
Byagaragaye ko bikuraho ibindi bintu byinshi bisanzwe. Ibi birimo chlorine (yongerwa mu mazi kugira ngo igabanye bagiteri n'izindi ndwara kandi ikaba ari yo mpamvu nyamukuru itera "uburyohe bubi" mu mazi ya robine); tetrachloride ya karuboni, ikintu kiva mu bimera cyangiza umwijima; gishobora kuboneka cyane mu mazi ya robine. "Ibindi bishya" byavumbuwe, birimo bisphenol A (BPA), DEET (umuti usanzwe wica udukoko) na estrone (ubwoko bwa sintetike bwa estrogen).
Nubwo inyinshi mu mashini ziyungurura amazi zikora buri galoni 40 cyangwa amezi abiri, Elite ifite ukwezi gusimbuza galoni 120 cyangwa amezi atandatu. Mu by’ukuri, ibi bivuze ko ukeneye gukoresha mashini ebyiri za Elite gusa mu mwaka aho gukoresha esheshatu, bigatuma imyanda igabanuka kandi bikagabanya ikiguzi cyo kongeramo amazi ku kigero cya 50%.
Ku mashini iyungurura amazi, ikora vuba. Mu bizamini byacu, mashini nshya ya Elite yafashe iminota itanu kugeza kuri irindwi gusa kugira ngo yuzure. Imashini zisa twagerageje zafashe igihe kirekire—ubusanzwe iminota 10 cyangwa irenga.
Ariko hari icyo umuntu yakwitondera. Kimwe n’amafiriti hafi ya yose, Elite iraziba byoroshye, bishobora kugabanya umuvuduko wo kuyungurura cyangwa ndetse no guhagarika kuyungurura burundu, bivuze ko ugomba kuyisimbuza kenshi. Ba nyirayo benshi cyane binubiye iki kibazo, kandi mu gihe cyo kugerageza kwacu, Elite yatangiye kugabanya umuvuduko mbere yuko igera kuri litiro 120. Niba ufite ikibazo kizwi cy’amazi ari mu mazi ya robine yawe (akenshi ni ikimenyetso cy’imiyoboro irimo ingese), uburambe bwawe bushobora kuba bumwe.
Kandi ushobora kuba udakeneye uburinzi bwose bw'abahanga. Niba uzi neza ko amazi yawe yo muri robine ari meza (ibi bishobora kumenyekana hakoreshejwe isuzuma ryo mu rugo), turakugira inama yo gukoresha umucukuzi w'amazi wa Brita Standard. Ifite ibyangombwa bitanu gusa bya ANSI/NSF (PDF), birimo chlorine (ariko ntabwo ari lisade, organics, cyangwa imyanda mishya), ifite ibyemezo bike cyane ugereranyije na Elite. Ariko ni icyuma gihendutse kandi kidafunga cyane gishobora kunoza uburyohe bw'amazi yawe.
Biroroshye gukora amakosa iyo ushyizeho filter ya Brita. Mu ntangiriro filter iba iriho kandi isa n'aho ikomeye. Ariko mu by'ukuri bisaba imbaraga nke kugira ngo uyishyire neza mu mwanya wayo. Iyo udakandagiye cyane, amazi adasukuye ashobora kuva ku mpande z'filter iyo wujuje ikigega cyo hejuru, bivuze ko amazi yawe "yasukuye" adasohoka mu by'ukuri. Zimwe mu filter twaguze mu igerageza rya 2023 nazo zagombaga gushyirwa ku buryo umwanya muremure uri ku ruhande rumwe rw'filter wamanuka hejuru y'aho uherereye muri tableau zimwe na zimwe za Brita. (Andi ma tableau, harimo na Standard 10-Cup Everyday Pitcher dukunda cyane, nta nyuguti zigaragaraho kandi zikwemerera kwerekeza filter aho ushaka.)
Kettle ya Brita ifite agaciro gakomeye igaragaza icyiciro cy’akayunguruzo kandi biroroshye kuyikoresha no kuyibika isuku kurusha izindi modeli nyinshi za Brita.
Icupa ry’amazi risanzwe rya Brita rigizwe n’ibikombe 10 (cyane cyane verisiyo ifite SmartLight Replacement Indicator na Elite Filter) rikunze kugaragara ku buryo ari byo abenshi muri twe dutekereza iyo dutekereje ku macupa y’amazi yayunguruwe. Ni naryo dukunda cyane mu macupa menshi ya Brita, ahanini kubera ko ari ryo ryoroshye kurikuramo mu gusukura kandi nta cyuho aho umwanda ushobora kwirunda. Guhindura igikumwe birekura ukuboko kugira ngo ukoreshe robine iyo wongeyeho amazi. SmartLight yayo ipima amazi neza kandi ikakwereka igihe cyo guhindura akayunguruzo. Kandi agakoresho koroshye gafite ishusho ya C ni ko Brita ikora neza cyane.
Standard Everyday ni sosiyete yihariye ya Amazon; Brita igurisha amacupa y'amazi asa na Tahoe muri Walmart, Target n'abandi bacuruzi. Itandukaniro rikomeye hagati y'ayo macupa yombi ni umugozi wa Tahoe ufite ishusho ya D, twasanze bigoye gufata.
Nubwo ikarito ya Everyday yamamazwa nk'icyitegererezo cy'ibikombe 10, itwara ibikombe bigera kuri 11.5, ibi bikaba bihagije kugira ngo ihaze ibyo umuryango muto ukeneye buri munsi. Iyo yuzuye, ipima ibiro birenga 7, ibi bikaba bitera imbaraga ku maboko yawe; Ikarito nto ya Brita Space Saver ifite ibikombe 6 ipima ibiro bigera kuri 4.5 iyo yuzuye, ariko iza n'akayunguruzo gasanzwe ka Brita n'agacupa gatanga ibikoresho, bityo uzakenera kugura Elite Filter ukwayo.